The Extraction of Metals
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... limestone and burned with oxygen. All the oxides produced are acidic, being non-metal oxides, and most are gases which escape. The rest react with CaO (a basic oxide produced from the limestone). This is called the basic oxygen process. As a result, a molten slag forms on the surface of the molten steel and is run off.
The steel produced is an alloy of iron with some carbon. Its properties depend on the amount of carbon in the steel. The hardness of steel increases the more carbon it contains. However, the strength of steel 'peaks' at around 1% carbon.
Other metals may be added in small quantities to make different alloys with different properties. For example, chromium is added to make stainless steel.
These added metals disrupt the metal lattice structure of the steel, altering its properties.
Type of Steel
Properties
Uses
Mild Stee ...
