Pressure Groups
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... mined by the structure of government, party strength and government openness. The structure of the British political system, with its unitary state and limited separation of powers, is relatively closed, with restricted access available for pressure groups to obtain. This is in direct contrast to the USA, with strong federal and state governments, as well as a strict separation of powers. This creates numerous access points, and allows pressure groups to form Political Action Committees (PACs), to influence policy through donating money to a candidate“s campaign. Despite some well-exploited loopholes, these funds are limited to avoid one particular group, organisation or company obtaining excessive influence. This practice, however, is not the orthodoxy in Britain. Although large donations must be declared, there is no specific upper limit to the extent of a group or individual“s generosity to a political party. Evidence of this was apparent in the run-up to the 1997 General Election, when the Labour party was offered £1 million from Bernie Ecclestone, the Chief Executive of the FIA. Thus, when the iss ...
