Respiration in Yeast

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... n (anaerobic respiration). It involves a culture of yeast and a solution of sugar, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide with the aid of the enzymes. This is an 8-10 step process requiring different enzymes each time, but it can be simplified like this.

All the ENZYMES are protein chains of amino acids. They exist in the form of ?-helix structure with hydrogen bonds holding the pitches together. On the amino acid molecules, there is R a group. They react with each other to form peptide bonds, transforming the chain into a 3-dimensional structure. Along the chain there are active sites where interaction between the enzyme and the substrate happens. These sites are sensitive to heat, like the hydrogen bonds that hold the 3D molecule together. When heat is applied to the enzyme, energy is given into the molecule. The active sites deform and the hydrogen bonds break, denaturing this enzyme. It would not be able to function as usual, and this is not reversible. This is called DENATURATION. The 3D ?-helix structure would breakdown and the active sites would change in shape; they would not be able to accommo ...

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